diff --git a/src/main/java/com/ddf/vodsystem/services/media/StreamActionsService.java b/src/main/java/com/ddf/vodsystem/services/media/StreamActionsService.java
index dcd6664..ed37183 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/ddf/vodsystem/services/media/StreamActionsService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/ddf/vodsystem/services/media/StreamActionsService.java
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ public class StreamActionsService {
         }
     }
 
-    public List<Path> getSegmentsInRange(Path streamDirectory, Instant startTime, Instant endTime) throws IOException {
+    private List<Path> getSegmentsInRange(Path streamDirectory, Instant startTime, Instant endTime) throws IOException {
         long startMs = startTime.toEpochMilli();
         long endMs = endTime.toEpochMilli();
 
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ public class StreamActionsService {
         long firstMs = parseTimestampMs(segments.getFirst());
         float trimOffset = Math.max(0f, (startTime.toEpochMilli() - firstMs) / 1000f);
 
-        // if the first segment is longer than the trim-offset, then ggs
+        // if the first segment is longer than the trim-offset
         if (trimOffset > 0 && probeDurationSeconds(segments.getFirst()) < trimOffset) {
             segments.removeFirst();
             if (segments.isEmpty()) {
diff --git a/src/test/java/com/ddf/vodsystem/services/media/StreamActionsServiceTest.java b/src/test/java/com/ddf/vodsystem/services/media/StreamActionsServiceTest.java
index 2afe492..8f91f84 100644
--- a/src/test/java/com/ddf/vodsystem/services/media/StreamActionsServiceTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/com/ddf/vodsystem/services/media/StreamActionsServiceTest.java
@@ -75,137 +75,131 @@ class StreamActionsServiceTest {
     }
 
     // ---------------------------------------------------------------
-    // getSegmentsInRange: missing / invalid directories
+    // selectSegments: missing / invalid directories
     // ---------------------------------------------------------------
 
     @Test
-    void getSegmentsInRange_directoryDoesNotExist_throwsIOException() {
+    void selectSegments_directoryDoesNotExist_throwsIOException() {
         Path missing = tempDir.resolve("does-not-exist");
 
-        assertThatThrownBy(() -> service.getSegmentsInRange(missing, Instant.EPOCH, Instant.now()))
+        assertThatThrownBy(() -> service.selectSegments(missing, Instant.EPOCH, Instant.now()))
                 .isInstanceOf(NoSuchFileException.class);
     }
 
     @Test
-    void getSegmentsInRange_pathIsAFileNotADirectory_throwsIOException() throws IOException {
+    void selectSegments_pathIsAFileNotADirectory_throwsIOException() throws IOException {
         Path file = tempDir.resolve("not-a-directory.txt");
         Files.createFile(file);
 
-        assertThatThrownBy(() -> service.getSegmentsInRange(file, Instant.EPOCH, Instant.now()))
+        assertThatThrownBy(() -> service.selectSegments(file, Instant.EPOCH, Instant.now()))
                 .isInstanceOf(IOException.class);
     }
 
-    @Test
-    void getSegmentsInRange_emptyDirectory_returnsEmptyList() throws IOException {
-        List<Path> result = service.getSegmentsInRange(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(0), Instant.ofEpochMilli(100_000));
-
-        assertThat(result).isEmpty();
-    }
-
     // ---------------------------------------------------------------
-    // getSegmentsInRange: filename filtering
+    // selectSegments: filename filtering
     // ---------------------------------------------------------------
 
     @Test
-    void getSegmentsInRange_ignoresFilesNotEndingInTs() throws IOException {
+    void selectSegments_ignoresFilesNotEndingInTs() throws IOException {
         createSegment("1.ts");
         createSegment("playlist.m3u8");
         createSegment("1.ts.tmp");
         createSegment("readme.txt");
 
-        List<Path> result = service.getSegmentsInRange(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(0), Instant.ofEpochMilli(5000));
+        var result = service.selectSegments(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(0), Instant.ofEpochMilli(5000)).segments();
 
         assertThat(result).extracting(p -> p.getFileName().toString()).containsExactly("1.ts");
     }
 
     @Test
-    void getSegmentsInRange_directoryNamedLikeASegment_isNotIncluded() throws IOException {
+    void selectSegments_directoryNamedLikeASegment_isNotIncluded() throws IOException {
         Files.createDirectory(tempDir.resolve("5.ts"));
 
-        List<Path> result = service.getSegmentsInRange(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(0), Instant.ofEpochMilli(10_000));
-
-        assertThat(result).isEmpty();
+        // the directory is the only ".ts" entry; excluding it leaves nothing to select
+        assertThatThrownBy(() ->
+                service.selectSegments(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(0), Instant.ofEpochMilli(10_000)))
+                .isInstanceOf(IllegalArgumentException.class);
     }
 
     @Test
-    void getSegmentsInRange_malformedNonNumericFilename_throwsNumberFormatException() throws IOException {
+    void selectSegments_malformedNonNumericFilename_throwsNumberFormatException() throws IOException {
         // A real HLS fragment name is always numeric. A corrupted or partially-written
         // file (e.g. "index.ts") crashes the whole listing instead of just being skipped.
         createSegment("index.ts");
 
         assertThatThrownBy(() ->
-                service.getSegmentsInRange(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(0), Instant.ofEpochMilli(10_000)))
+                service.selectSegments(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(0), Instant.ofEpochMilli(10_000)))
                 .isInstanceOf(NumberFormatException.class);
     }
 
     @Test
-    void getSegmentsInRange_emptyFilenameBeforeExtension_throwsNumberFormatException() throws IOException {
+    void selectSegments_emptyFilenameBeforeExtension_throwsNumberFormatException() throws IOException {
         createSegment(".ts");
 
         assertThatThrownBy(() ->
-                service.getSegmentsInRange(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(0), Instant.ofEpochMilli(10_000)))
+                service.selectSegments(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(0), Instant.ofEpochMilli(10_000)))
                 .isInstanceOf(NumberFormatException.class);
     }
 
     // ---------------------------------------------------------------
-    // getSegmentsInRange: range-boundary arithmetic
+    // selectSegments: range-boundary arithmetic
     // ---------------------------------------------------------------
 
     @Test
-    void getSegmentsInRange_segmentEndsExactlyAtRangeStart_isExcluded() throws IOException {
+    void selectSegments_segmentEndsExactlyAtRangeStart_isExcluded() throws IOException {
         createSegment("0.ts");
         createSegment("3.ts");
 
-        List<Path> result = service.getSegmentsInRange(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(3000), Instant.ofEpochMilli(10_000));
+        var result = service.selectSegments(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(3000), Instant.ofEpochMilli(10_000)).segments();
 
         assertThat(result).extracting(p -> p.getFileName().toString())
                 .containsExactly("3.ts");
     }
 
     @Test
-    void getSegmentsInRange_segmentOverlapsRangeStartByOneMs_isIncluded() throws IOException {
+    void selectSegments_segmentOverlapsRangeStartByOneMs_isIncluded() throws IOException {
         createSegment("0.ts"); // spans [0, 3000)
+        stubHeadDuration(3f);   // start 2999ms trims into 0.ts, so its duration is probed
 
-        List<Path> result = service.getSegmentsInRange(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(2999), Instant.ofEpochMilli(10_000));
+        var result = service.selectSegments(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(2999), Instant.ofEpochMilli(10_000)).segments();
 
         assertThat(result).hasSize(1);
     }
 
     @Test
-    void getSegmentsInRange_segmentStartsExactlyAtRangeEnd_isExcluded() throws IOException {
+    void selectSegments_segmentStartsExactlyAtRangeEnd_isExcluded() throws IOException {
         createSegment("5.ts"); // starts at 5000ms
 
-        List<Path> result = service.getSegmentsInRange(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(0), Instant.ofEpochMilli(5000));
-
-        assertThat(result).isEmpty();
+        assertThatThrownBy(() ->
+                service.selectSegments(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(0), Instant.ofEpochMilli(5000)))
+                .isInstanceOf(IllegalArgumentException.class);
     }
 
     @Test
-    void getSegmentsInRange_segmentStartsOneMsBeforeRangeEnd_isIncluded() throws IOException {
+    void selectSegments_segmentStartsOneMsBeforeRangeEnd_isIncluded() throws IOException {
         createSegment("5.ts"); // starts at 5000ms
 
-        List<Path> result = service.getSegmentsInRange(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(0), Instant.ofEpochMilli(5001));
+        var result = service.selectSegments(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(0), Instant.ofEpochMilli(5001)).segments();
 
         assertThat(result).hasSize(1);
     }
 
     @Test
-    void getSegmentsInRange_startAfterEnd_throwsIllegalArgument() throws IOException {
+    void selectSegments_startAfterEnd_throwsIllegalArgument() throws IOException {
         createSegment("10.ts");
 
         assertThatThrownBy(() ->
-                service.getSegmentsInRange(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(20_000), Instant.ofEpochMilli(10_000)))
+                service.selectSegments(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(20_000), Instant.ofEpochMilli(10_000)))
                 .isInstanceOf(IllegalArgumentException.class);
-
     }
 
     @Test
-    void getSegmentsInRange_segmentsOutOfOrder_returnedInOrder() throws IOException {
+    void selectSegments_segmentsOutOfOrder_returnedInOrder() throws IOException {
         createSegment("20.ts");
         createSegment("10.ts");
         createSegment("0.ts");
 
-        List<Path> result = service.getSegmentsInRange(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(0), Instant.ofEpochMilli(25_000));
+        var result = service.selectSegments(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(0), Instant.ofEpochMilli(25_000)).segments();
 
         assertThat(result)
                 .extracting(p -> p.getFileName().toString())
@@ -213,45 +207,31 @@ class StreamActionsServiceTest {
     }
 
     @Test
-    void getSegmentsInRange_mixOfOverlappingAndNonOverlappingSegments_returnsOnlyOverlapping() throws IOException {
+    void selectSegments_mixOfOverlappingAndNonOverlappingSegments_returnsOnlyOverlapping() throws IOException {
         createSegment("0.ts"); // [0, 3000)
         createSegment("3.ts"); // [3000, 6000)
         createSegment("6.ts"); // [6000, 9000)
         createSegment("9.ts"); // [9000, 12000)
+        stubHeadDuration(3f);   // start 4000ms trims into 3.ts, so its duration is probed
 
-
-        List<Path> result = service.getSegmentsInRange(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(4000), Instant.ofEpochMilli(8000));
+        var result = service.selectSegments(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(4000), Instant.ofEpochMilli(8000)).segments();
 
         assertThat(result).extracting(p -> p.getFileName().toString())
                 .containsExactly("3.ts", "6.ts");
     }
 
     @Test
-    void getSegmentsInRange_resultsAreSortedByTimestampRegardlessOfDirectoryOrder() throws IOException {
+    void selectSegments_resultsAreSortedByTimestampRegardlessOfDirectoryOrder() throws IOException {
         createSegment("30.ts");
         createSegment("10.ts");
         createSegment("20.ts");
 
-        List<Path> result = service.getSegmentsInRange(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(0), Instant.ofEpochMilli(100_000));
+        var result = service.selectSegments(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(0), Instant.ofEpochMilli(100_000)).segments();
 
         assertThat(result).extracting(p -> p.getFileName().toString())
                 .containsExactly("10.ts", "20.ts", "30.ts");
     }
 
-    @Test
-    void getSegmentsInRange_gapInStream_returnsTheGap() throws IOException {
-        createSegment("20.ts");
-        createSegment("30.ts");
-        // user stops streaming
-        createSegment("100.ts");
-        createSegment("110.ts");
-
-        List<Path> result = service.getSegmentsInRange(tempDir, Instant.ofEpochMilli(70_000), Instant.ofEpochMilli(111_000));
-
-        assertThat(result).extracting(p -> p.getFileName().toString())
-                .containsExactly("30.ts", "100.ts", "110.ts");
-    }
-
     // ---------------------------------------------------------------
     // selectSegments: head selection and trim-offset
     // ---------------------------------------------------------------